维持性透析患者的管理李华兵课件.pptVIP

* References: Tominaga Y, Tanaka Y, Sato K, Nagasaka T, Takagi H. Histopathology, pathophysiology, and indications for surgical treatment of renal hyperparathryoidism. Sem Surg Oncol. 1997;13:78-86. Pavlovic D, Tomic Brzac H. Ultrasonographic evaluation of parathyroid hyperplasia in dialysis patients. Sci World J. 2006;6:1599-1608. Kestenbaum B, Andress DL, Schwartz SM, et al. Survival following parathyroidectomy among United States dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2004;66:2010-2016. * Initially the parathyroid glands respond to the altered mineral metabolism in CKD by increasing PTH secreti