儿童后颅窝脑肿瘤ppt课件.pptVIP

Choroid plexus tumors are generally iso- to hyperdensity intraventricular masses without brain invasion on nonenhanced CT studies. Hydrocephalus is very common. Calcification is noted in 4–10% of choroid plexus tumors on plain skull x-rays and 24% on CT studies. The degree of calcification varies widely, from scattered punctate foci to calcification involving the entire mass. Cerebellopontine angle extension is a characteristic feature of a fourth ventricle choroid plexus tumors. On MR imaging, choroid plexus papillomas appear as iso- to hypointense intraventricular masses on T1- weighted images compared to normal brain parenchyma and variable single intensity masses on T2-weighted images. The tumors show intense enhancement on post-contrast imaging studies. Flow voids, consistent with increased vascularity, are common. Post-contrast MR imaging of the spine is recommended to exclude the possibility of seeding from choroid plexus papillomas on follow-up post-operative studies. Hemangioblastoma constitutes about 1 to 2.5% of all CNS tumors and 7% of those arising within the posterior fossa. The vast majority (75%) of capillary hemangioblastomas arise in the cerebellum, with the spinal cord (20%) and medulla (4%) other common locations. Rarely, they may occur within the cerebral hemispheres (1%), suprasellar region, meninges, and numerous other locations. The lesions are more commonly found in the cerebellar hemispheres rather than the vermis and are virtually always located peripherally, near the cerebellar pial surface. Males are slightly more commonly affected. Clinical manifestations of a hemangioblastoma typically reflect increased intracranial pressure and restriction of CSF flow caused by a mass within the cerebellum or spinal cord. Headache, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, and dizziness are common symptoms and a long clinical course (average, 25 weeks) is typical. Polycythemia occurs in about 20% of cases of cerebellar hemangioblastoma, especially those of solid m