山西春播期暴雨天气过程分析9.PDFVIP

农学学报 2017,7(12): 101-107 Journal of Agriculture 2014年山西春播期暴雨天气过程分析 李新生，赵桂香，马严枝，王思慜，金 磊 （山西省气象台，太原030006） 摘 要：为了准确预报山西春播期暴雨天气，更好地为农服务，笔者根据天气学理论，利用常规探测资料、 数值预报、多普勒雷达和FY-2E 红外卫星等资料，对2014 年5 月9—11 日的暴雨天气过程进行综合分 析。结果表明：500 hPa“北涡南槽”和华北“东高西低”形势是此次暴雨的有利环流背景，低空切变线和 850 hPa 东南风急流是主要影响系统。中低层切变线激发的中低云系直接导致强降水的发生。地面辐 合线提前1~2 h 出现，对进行强降水的短时临近预报有明显的参考意义。东西两路冷空气的对峙，地面 辐合线的停滞；高低空急流耦合，形成高空辐散、低空辐合的垂直结构，使得上升运动持续加强；前期地 面最高温度持续升高、低层暖湿平流的持续输送，均是强降水长时间持续的重要原因。 关键词：春播期；暴雨；成因 中图分类号：P4 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cja ARainstormProcessDuringSpringSowinginShanxiin2014 LiXinsheng,ZhaoGuixiang,MaYanzhi,WangSimin,JinLei (ShanxiMeteorologicalObservatory,Taiyuan030006,Shanxi,China) Abstract:ThepaperaimstoaccuratelyforecasttherainstormduringspringsowinginShanxiandprovide betterserviceforfarmers.TheauthorscomprehensivelyanalyzedtherainstorminMay 9-11,2014 basedon thesynoptictheories,conventionaldata,numericalprediction,DopplerradarandFY-2Einfraredsatellite data.Theresultsshowedthat:northvortexandsouthtroughat500hPaandlow-lyingfromeasttowestinnorth Chinaonthegroundwereadvantageouscirculationbackgroundsproducingrainstorm;thelow-altitudeshear lineandsoutheastwindat850hPawerethemainimpactsystemsofthisrainstorm;theheavyprecipitationwas directlyrespondedtothelowandmediumcloudswhichwereinspiredbythewindshearlinesonthelowand mediumlevelofthetroposphere;thegroundconvergencelinesappeared 1-2 hoursinadvance,whichhad obviousreferencesignificancefortheshort-timeforecastofrainstorm;theconfrontationbetweenthecoldair fromtheeastandthewest,thestagnationofthegroundconvergenceline,formedtheverticalstructureofthe irradiated on the upper air and convergence on the lower level