现象学和心理学 The meeting Between PHENOMENOLOGY AND Psychology.pdfVIP

CHAPTER 1 THE MEETING BETWEEN PHENOMENOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY MAN CHEUNG CHUNG and PETER D . ASHWORTH Scientific points of view, according to which my existence is a moment of the worlds, are always both naive and at the same time dishonest, because they take for granted, without explicitly mentioning it, the other point of view, namely that of consciousness, through which from the outset a world forms itself round me and begins to exist for me. (Merleau-Ponty, 1945/1962, p. ix) Merleau-Pontys statement applies exactly to the divergence between psychologi- cal science as it currently exists and any phenomenologically based human study. Even in circles in which it has become the vogue to employ qualitative methods there is often an underlying scientism of the kind Merleau-Ponty indicated. Human experience, or discursive action, is seen as part of a causal nexus, a set of variables within the world. The chapters in this volume explore the meaning of the other point of view, that of consciousness. Some chapters focus on the history of psychology and the ways in which various psychologists (often rather isolated voices) developed ways of researching and theorizing that took account of at least some aspects of the phenomenological tradition in philosophy. Other chapters explore key philosophical debates within phenomenology itself—though always with an emphasis on their meaning for the realm of psychology. But in addition to the historical and technically philosophical themes, we include chapters that (though referring in some depth to the arguments 1 2 MAN CHEUNG CHUNG AND PETER D. ASHWORTH within the phenomenological tradition of thought) indicate how phenomenologi- cally sound work can b