gcr15钢离异共析转变的热力学分析及工艺分析-thermodynamic analysis and technological analysis of eutectoid transformation of gcr 15 steel.docx

GCr15 钢离异共析转变的热力学分析及工艺研究摘 要球化退火是 GCr15 轴承钢的重要热处理工艺，良好的球化组织对后续 热处理有至关重要的影响。离异共析是通过对钢材进行特定加热与冷却制 度，使碳化物不以片状而是直接以颗粒状析出，从而实现快速球化的目的。 因此研究离异共析机理，探索剩余碳化物对离异共析转变的影响，对轴承 钢快速球化工艺制度的制定有着重要意义。本文根据固态相变、热力学及扩散相关理论，首先建立了 GCr15 钢过 冷分解两种不同形态碳化物 (即片状和球状)的热力学和动力学模型；进而 推导并构建了碳原子依附于未溶碳化物形核长大控制方程；同时进行了相 应理论计算；最后通过淬火实验和球化退火实验，得出如下结论：(1) 热力学模型的计算表明，当奥氏体发生正常的共析分解，且等温温 度在 966K 以下时，所生成片状碳化物长大速率大于粒状碳化物，因此其相 对于粒状碳化物更容易形成。(2) 离异共析转变时，基体中存在大量的剩余碳化物，这些剩余碳化物 增加了系统界面面积，碳化物将会优先依附于未溶碳化物形核长大。(3) 得到剩余碳化物体积分数()与平均粒径()关系为；剩余碳化物体积 分数与奥氏体化工艺存在关系为。同时还得出当奥氏体化温度为 800℃、保 温 20min，剩余碳化物体积分数约为 5%，所得未溶碳化物形态多为颗粒状 和点状，这有利于离异共析转变时粒状碳化物的形成。(4) 球化退火实验表明，奥氏体化温度为 800℃、保温 20min，随后放入 710℃炉中等温 30min，并以 25℃/h 炉冷至 650℃后空冷，所得组织平均 粒径约 0.2537um，硬度约为 201.12HBW，满足 GB/T 18254-2002 所规范球 化处理后的硬度范围。关键词：GCr15 离异共析 快速球化THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF EUTECTOID TRANSFORMATION AND PROCESS OF GCr15 STEEL DIVORCEDABSTRACTSpheroidizing annealing process is an important preliminary heat treatment process for GCr15 bearing steel, because good ball of tissue has a siganificance impacts on subsequent heat treatment process. Traditional annealing process is not only time consuming, but the effect is not good. Divorced Eutectoid Transformation is a process under specific heating system and cooling system and granular substance are precipitated from granular carbide , so as to get the purpose of quick ball. Therefore , The study of mechanism of divorced eutectoid and explore the remaining carbide reaction can generate significant influence of bearing steel ball annealing process.GCr15 steel cold carbide two different decomposition products ( flake and spherical ) thermodynamic and kinetic model were established based on the solid phase transformation , thermodynamics and diffusion theory .Growth of equations of carbon atoms attached dissolved carbon nucleation and simultaneously corresponding theoretical calculations was constructed .Finally, by quenching experiments and ball annealing experiments , The conclusions are drawed as follows:Thermodynamic