Mineral Notes - Learn Earth Science：矿物笔记-学习地球科学.pptVIP

Rocks Minerals Key Concept #1 On to the next Concept Key Concept #2 Key Concept #2 On to the next Concept Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #3 Key Concept #4 Key Concept #4 Key Concept #4 * * NOTESPages 1 - 3 What is a mineral? It is a substance which has a naturally occurring inorganic definite chemical composition What would be the opposite of this? man-made organic random composition ESRT Mineral Chart Click Here What causes minerals to have different physical properties? their internal arrangement of atoms Give an example of two minerals which have the same chemical composition but different physical properties Click Here The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals Color a poor indicator minerals can be multiple colors many minerals are the same color The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals Streak the powder form of a mineral more reliable than color The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals Luster how light reflects off a mineral metallic non-metallic looks like a metal looks earthy, waxy, greasy or brilliant Cleavage The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals the mineral breaks in a predictable pattern because of its arrangement of atoms Fracture The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals the mineral breaks randomly Hardness The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals resistance to being scratched It is NOT the same as breaking! For example: You can break glass easily with steel. However, steel will not scratch glass. Hardness The Main Physical Properties Used to Identify Minerals MOH’S SCALE OF HARDNESS 10 (hardest) 5 9 4 8 3 7 2 6 1 (softest) Mineral Hardness Mineral Hardness TALC GYPSUM CALCITE FLUORITE APATITE ORTHOCLASE QUARTZ TOPAZ CORUNDUM DIAMOND Minerals have a definite chemical composition. What two elements, by mass, make up the greatest percentage of the Earth’s crust? silicon oxygen Miner