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Serving Homeless Children Through Head Start National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth 21st Annual Conference Denver, CO November 14, 2009 How Many Young Children Experience Homelessness? In 2007-2008, 51% of all children in HUD homeless shelters were under the age of 6 27,817 homeless children ages 3-5 (not kindergarten) were enrolled in public preschool programs in 2007-2008; this is only 4% of all students identified as homeless by public schools 66% of young homeless children identified were in LEAs that receive McKinney-Vento subgrants; only 9% of LEAs received subgrants in 2007 How Many Young Children Are Served in Head Start/Early Head Start? Head Start/Early Head Start: approximately 29,604 homeless children in 2008 program year This represents 3% of Head Start’s total enrollment The Reality of Family Homelessness Lack of structure, routine, stability Trauma Loss Lack of access to food Lack of health care Inappropriate living conditions (no play space, overcrowded, unhealthy, over-stimulation or under-stimulation) Stressed attachments to caregivers Invisibility Impacts on Young Children Higher rates of developmental delays: Infants who are homeless start life needing special care four times more often than other babies Homeless toddlers show significantly slower development than other children Higher rates of chronic and acute health problems Higher exposure to domestic and other types of violence Head Start Findings Compared to non-homeless children served by Head Start (1999 HS demonstration programs), homeless children have: Greater developmental delays (language) More learning disabilities More health and mental health problems Higher frequency of withdrawal, shyness, separation anxiety, short attention disorder, flat affect, aggression, hoarding, anxiety in response to changes in environment or staff absences, concern over getting enough food, and sharing toys Early Care and Education Landscape: Where