上海交通大学医学院神经病学课件 癫痫和癫痫综合征.pptVIP

上海交通大学九院临床学院 Ninth Hospitol Medical School of SJTU 神经病学教研组 李 威 Dpartment of Neurology Epilepsy is a term used to describe sudden recurrent transient disturbances in mental function and movements of the body or both which result from excessive discharging of populations of brain cells.  以大脑半球神经元反复发作性异常放电导致中枢神经系统暂时性功能失常的慢性疾病。 痫性发作Seizure 一次中枢神经系统功能失常发作的临床过程。 病 因 （Etiology） 癫痫的发病机制 神经元坏死或缺失 癫痫的发病机制 癫痫的发病机制 影响癫痫发作的因素The effective factor to seizure 遗传因素Genetic factor 年龄 Age 内分泌 Incretion 睡眠 Sleeping 诱发因素 Predisposing Cause 癫痫和癫痫综合征分类和临床表现 l? 单发性型 (Isolated) l? 周期性型 (Cyclic) l? 延迟型（Prolonged） l? 反复发作型(Repetitive) l? 癫痫的持续状态 (Status epilepticus) The Classification of Seizures)The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981 A.Debut from ？ 和部位有关的癫痫（局灶性发作） The Characteristic of Partial Seizure The Classification of Seizures)The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981 A.Debut from ？ The Classification of Seizures)The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981 A. Debut from ？ The Classification of Seizures)The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981 A. Debut from ？ 强直、阵挛或强直-阵挛性发作(大发作)Tonic，Clonic or Tonic-clonic seizures; GTCS（grand mal） 失神发作 Absence seizure (petit mal) 迅速、短暂 失神为主 常伴有失张力发作 可伴有局灶性抽搐发作 可伴有局灶性强直发作 The Classification of Seizures)The Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1981 (一)?? 肌阵挛性发作 Myoclonic seizures (二)?? 反应性癫痫 Reflex epilepsy, Seizures could be evoked in certain epileptic individuals by a discrete physiologic or psychologic stimulus (三) 痉挛样发作的获得性失语 Acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder (四)?高热惊厥 Febrile and other seizures of infancy and childhood (五)?? 癔病样痫性发作 Hysterical seizures The Classification of Seizur