Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning amp; Punishment经典的条件概括，操作性条件反射的amp；惩罚.ppt

* Outlines on Classical Condition, Operant Conditioning Punishment Carolyn R. Fallahi, Ph. D. * Classical Conditioning Pavlovian Conditioning UCS (food in mouth) ------------- UCR NS (bowl) -------------------------- NO SALIVATION NS + UCS (food in mouth) ------ SALIVATION CS (bowl) -------------------------- CR (salivation) * John Watson Little Albert experiment Issue – biology makes a difference * Terms In Classical Conditioning Extinction Spontaneous Recovery Generalization Discrimination * Taste Aversion A form of Classical Conditioning Example Biological predisposition to Classical Conditioning (Watson, 1924) Unfamiliar taste – delayed illness – avoidance Familiar taste unfamiliar shape = delayed illness – no avoidance * Application of Pavlov – Pavlov’s Legacy Advertisement Politicians TV weather forecasters! * Reinforcement Principles Positive Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement Escape conditioning Avoidance Conditioning * Punishment – does it work? The Dangers of Punishment Reinforcing to the punisher Generalized inhibiting effect We dislike the punisher What about teaching? The criticism trap The use of aversives B. F. Skinner’s view * Operant Conditoning Behaviorism B. F. Skinner (1904-1990) Law of Effect (Thorndike) * Operant Conditioning The Skinner Box Shaping Reinforcement Discrimination Generalization Extinction Spontaneous Recovery * Schedules of Reinforcement Primary reinforcement Secondary reinforcement Fixed Ratio Fixed Interval Variable Ratio Variable Interval Bandura Violence on T.V. Modeling Who are we likely to imitate? * /.../posts/0115bobo.jpg Seligman Learned Helplessness = link to depression? Learned Optimism * Worth Publishers