医学精品课件之抗生素臨床上常見的致病菌.ppt

臨床上常見的致病菌 Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus Enterococcus Gram-negative bacteria E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus(EKP) Enterobacter, Serratia Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) Haemophilus influenzae Meningococcus Anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides fragilis Others Natural Pc Pcnase-R Broad Pc Extended Pc Gram (+) Staph MSSA - +++ - - MRSA - - - - Streptococcus +++ ++ ++ ++ Enterococcus ++ - +++ ++ Gram (-) E. coli, Kleb - - ++ ++ Enterobacter - - - + Pseudomonas - - - +++ Haemophilus - - -~+++ +(~-) Anaerobic Bacteroides - - - - ?-lactam/?-lactamase  inhibitors Clinically used Clavulanic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam Special notes No antibacterial activity Never used alone ?-lactam + ?-lactamase inhibitor Ampicillin + Sulbactam  = Unasyn Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid = Augmentin Ticarcillin + Clavulanic acid  = Timentin Piperacillin + Tazobactam  = Tazocin Ampicillin Unasyn Amoxicillin Augmentin Gram (+) Staph MSSA - ++ MRSA - - Streptococcus ++ ++ Enterococcus +++ +++ Gram (-) E. coli, Kleb ++(~-) ++ Enterobacter - - Pseudomonas - - Haemophilus -~+++ +++ Anaerobic Bacteroides - ++ Ticarcillin Timentin Piperacillin Tazocin Gram (+) Staph MSSA - + MRSA - - Streptococcus ++ ++ Enterococcus ++ ++ Gram (-) E. coli, Kleb ++(~-) ++ Enterobacter + + Pseudomonas +++(~-) +++(~-) Haemophilus +(~-) + Anaerobic Bacteroides