抗生素英文课件精品InfectiousDiseases Antimicrobial antibacterial .pptVIP

Infectious DiseasesAntimicrobial, antibacterial therapyProf. Elisabeth Nagy Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged Antibiotic selection in different infectious diseases. 6. November 2007 Why is the antimicrobial therapy different from therapy with other drugs? Every specialist in medicine use antibiotics The consequences of the inappropriate antibiotic usage is not seen immediately Many patients with infectious diseases can recover without antibiotics Empirical – calculated antibiotic selection Antibiotic therapy guided by in vitro antibiotic resistance determination Laboratory methods to help antibiotic selection Selection of antibiotics for therapy The selection of the antibiotic should depend on the place of the infection the severity of the infection, the general condition of the patient the causative agent the local or regional resistance situation It should be considered the changing spectra of the causative agents Antibiotics should be used only if bacterial infection has been proven or assumed If we give antibiotics, the antibiotic and its doses should be clinical efficacious (”hit and run”). Motto Louis Pasteur: Ce sont les microbes qui auront le dernier mot. It will not be discussed: Antiviral therapy and prophylaxis Antiparasitic therapy and prophylaxis Antibacterial prophylaxis We will discuss: The main classes of antibiotics and their most important characteristics Antibiotic selection in the most important clinical settings (pathogen specific antibiotic selection) Antifungal therapy in systemic fungal infections Laboratory methods to help antibiotic selection Beta-lactam antibiotics The largest group of antibiotics The main features of their antibiotic activity: Slow bactericidal effect, they can have effect on multiplying bacteria Above a given concentration the killing effect can not be increased They have no post-antibiotic effect There is an inoculums effect (e.g. beta-lactamase producing staphylococci)