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Introduction of Surgery;Development of Modern Surgery; Anesthesia ;3. Antisepsis ;Blood transfusion ;John H. Gibbon (1903-1973), pioneer cardiothoracic surgeon who developed extracorporeal circulation.;傅培彬 (1912-1989), 瑞金医院外科创始人;1954 Commissurotomy of mitral stenosis 1958 Severe Burn 1963 Replantation of cut limb 1977 The 1st case of Liver transplantation 1978 The 1st case of Heart transplantation 1990s- Burn surg, Digestive S., P. Biliary Stomatological, S.Plastic, S.Pediatric, Cardio S.;Category of Surgery;5) Metabolic Hormonal disorder 6) Infarction Ischamia 7) Others Obstruction Parasite diseases Vein varicose; Development of Surgical Specialties;2) Human Anatomy Arthrosteopedic surgery Dentofacial surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Urologic surgery Neurosurgery General surgery Abdominal surgery;3) Characteristics Neoplastic surgery Emergency surgery Trauma surgery Burn surgery 4) Operation Methods Plastic surgery Microsurgery Transplantation Minimally invasive surgery;5) Age Pediatric Surgery Adult Surgery 6) Specialty Gynecology Otolaryngology Ophthalmology;General Surgery Special Surgery;Surgical molecular biology Surgical immunology Aseptic technique Fluid and electrolyte management and acid-base balance Blood transfusion;Surgical shock Surgical nutrition Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS Anesthesia Surgical intensive care;Brain-cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Pain management Analgesia Paraoperative management Outpatient surgery Surgical infection Neoplasma;Trauma Burns Cold injury Microsurgery Organ transplantation Tissue engineering Laparoscopic thorascopic surgery Endoscopic surgery Surgical intervention treatment;How to learn surgery;Spunk of tiger — 胆大; - Learn to find questions - Learn to ask questions - Learn to solve questions Books are you best teachers Library is your best school;Now, you may have a good start - why to learn - how to learn Well begun, half done. ;Than