关节学总论,中轴骨连接()PPT.pptVIP

Chapter two Arthrology 关节学;1.掌握滑膜关节的基本结构、辅助结构及其运动和分类。 2.掌握脊柱的组成及椎骨间的连结。 3.掌握骨性胸廓的组成，胸廓上、下口的形态及围成。 4.掌握颞下頜关节的组成、结构特点及运动。 5.了解肋与脊柱及胸骨的连结。 ; Section 1 The general description;一、Continuous joints直接连结 （一）Fibrous joints 纤维连结 Bones are united by fibrous connective tissue. Syndesmosis 韧带连结 Suture 缝 ;（二）Cartilaginous joints 软骨连结 Bones are united by cartilage.;二、Articulation（关节） and Synovial joints （滑膜关节） ;;Movements of joints 关节运动;Classification of synovial joints（Selfstudy）;Joint learning research and application 关节学的研究和应用;Research and Development of Artificial joints and Artificial Limb 人造关节和假肢的研制和开发; Section 2 The joint of the axial bones 中轴骨连结;Articulations of Bones of Trunk 躯干骨的连结;(一) The Vertebral Column 脊柱; ;Joints of the vertebral bodies 椎体间的连结;Joints of the vertebral bodies 椎体间的连结;Hemination of nucleus pulposus 髓核脱出;Anterior longitudinal ligament  前纵韧带; Joints of the vertebral arches 椎弓间的连结; Joints of the vertebral arches 椎弓间的连结;;Atlantooccipital joint 寰枕关节;Atlantoaxial joint 寰枢关节;The vertebral column as a whole;Physiological curves of vertebral column;“C” shaped;Movements of the vertebral column ;Spina bifida cystica 脊柱裂;(二) Thoracic cage 胸廓;;;;It is roughly cone-shape, narrow above and broad below, flattened from before-backwards.It has two oppenings and four walls. Inlet of thorax 胸廓上口 Outlet of thorax 胸廓下口 Infrasternal angle胸骨下角 Intercostal spaces肋间隙;;二、Joints of skull 颅骨的连结 ;Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节;;Thank you !