高考英语_非谓语讲义.ppt

非谓语动词 它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当除谓语以外一切成分,即： 主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用.  现在分词和动名词的区别 分词--与名词是主谓关系 A waiting car = the car that is waiting Working people A sleeping baby 动名词—表目的与用途 Waiting room = the room for waiting Working method Sleeping-car 卧车 Step1. 熟悉英语五大基本句型： Step2 熟悉非谓语各种形式在句子里所作的成分。 Section 1. 非谓语动词作句子的主语 to do /doing 作主语没有太大的区别，表示一般的抽象概念用doing，表示具体的个别的将来的用to do . Collecting stamps is my hobby. To sing this song is what I really want to do now. 另外,可用作形式主语或形式宾语结构中，用it 作形式主/宾语. (用 for 或of 来表示逻辑主语.for 不定式的特点;of 人的特点) 1.It’s difficult for you to study English. 2.It’s foolish of you to ask her for help. 3. It’s no use doing too much exercises. 2.to do 作宾语 e.g. hope to do sth wish, hope, agree, ask, promise, mean, decide, expect, manage, offer, pretend, plan, refuse, care, fail, afford, determine. 另外一，请注意需要区别的地方： regret to do表示没做 forget remember doing表示做完. 另外三，need, require, want ☆need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接动词-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用动词-ing形式比较普通。　　Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected.　　你的作文需要修改。　　His coat wants cleaning / to be cleaned.　　他的外套需要洗了。　　The old woman requires looking after carefully / to be looked after carefully.　　这个老大娘需要细心地照料。 Section 3 非谓语动词作句子中的宾补 第一类：感官动词（let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe. ） 第二类：可接to do做宾补的词： request sb to do sth(在这个结构中，sb. 是to do 的逻辑主语) permit, allow, forbid,advise, request, command, tell, invite, cause, encourage, warn, advise, persuade, force, order, remind, teach, Section 4 非谓语动词作句子中的定语 注意：非谓语动词作定语应该注意 1. to do 作定语统统后置； doing/done 作定语，如果非谓语本身是单词应前置， 如果非谓语本身是短语应后置。 2.下面这些词多接to do 作定语 change,wish ,right, courage ,need ,promise, time, way, opportunity , the first…, the last…, the only e.g Hes always the first (one) to come to school. There is no one to look after her . He is looking for a room to live in.