毕业论文的写作步骤PPT.ppt

* Academic Writing第一讲：什么是毕业论文？毕业论文的写作步骤 Lecturer: Chang Liang 一. 什么是论文写作？ Several concepts： Composition Article Essay Paper Thesis Composition a short text that is written as a school exercise, it is a short essay. 作文是指学生为了练习英语文法而写的习作成品，有时也特指短小的散文作品。 Article a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine. 文章主要指报纸、杂志中的成篇作品。 Essay a short piece of writing by a student as part of a course of study, or a short piece of writing on a particular subject, written in order to be published. 散文、杂文、小品文等统称为essay，有时学生的课程作业也成为essay。 The two dictionaries have told us that basically, an essay is a composition on a certain topic, and with a point of view. It is always analytic or interpretative. It is also called a theme, especially when referring to the student’s essay (Shi Jian, 2010). Paper an academic article about a particular subject that is written by and for specialists or by a student for a degree. 论文是指作家、学者或专业学生就某个特定的课题进行研究后所写的学术文章。 论文常常是学术论文（Academic Paper/ Research Paper）的简称。 毕业论文（Graduation Thesis）、科学论文（Scientific Treatise）、博士论文（Doctoral Dissertation）都属于学术论文的范畴。 课程论文（Course Work Essay）指的是英语专业本科生在高年级阶段就各类专业课程或选修课程所提交的小论文。 学年论文（Term Paper）多半出现在大学高年级阶段，往往是指在有经验的教师指导下完成的获得学分的论文。 学士论文（Bachelor Thesis） 硕士论文（Master Thesis） 博士论文（Dissertation） 英国人：dissertation指BA或MA学位论文；thesis指PhD；美国人正相反。 What is a Research Paper? A research paper is an essay. It is a long or an extended expository or persuasive essay. Writing a research paper involves most of the same prewriting, writing, and rewriting skills in writing any other sort of essay. It differs from the latter in that it requires that we learn how to use library sources, take notes effectively, and master the conventions of documentation, i.e. proper use of quotations, footnotes or endnotes, and bibliographies. （程爱民，2005:3） 什么是论文？ 论文是就某一学科的某个方面进行研究后撰写的描写研究成果的学术性文章。毕业论文作为论文的一种，又叫学位论文，是大学生在教室指导下完成的总结性作业。本科学生毕业论文要有一定的深度，要触及问题的实质，并力求有一定的社会指导意义（李正栓，2006） 什么是毕业论文？ 毕业论文是高等院校毕业生用以申请授予学位而提出作为考核和评审的阶段性学术文章。