水相悬浮法制备茂金属聚乙烯和马来酸酯接枝产物毕业论文.doc

摘 要 本论文采用水相悬浮法合成茂金属聚乙烯和马来酸二丁酯接枝共聚物（mPE-g-DBM），测定了不同工艺条件下的接枝率，并对不同接枝率的接枝共聚物进行了表征。 在水为悬浮介质的情况下，选用二甲苯（DMB）为界面剂，过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）为引发剂，通过考察反应时间、引发剂用量、马来酸二丁酯(DBM)用量、反应温度等因素的影响，得出的较好的工艺条件为：反应时间2.5h，反应温度85℃，DBM/mPE=1:10（质量比），BPO/mPE=1:20（质量比）。 利用索氏脂肪抽提器测定了接枝产物的凝胶率；研究了反应温度对熔体流动速率(MFR)的影响；并利用傅立叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）对接枝产物进行了结构表征，判断接枝产物是否已然合成；通过差示扫描量热分析（DSC）和X射线衍射法（XRD）对熔融和结晶曲线的分析和结晶度的比较判断其反应机理和晶格结构的变化。结果表明：通过悬浮法制得的接枝产物凝胶率为零；随着接枝率的升高熔体流动速率略有下降；红外光谱吸收图谱中羰基和碳碳双键的特征吸收峰表明DBM确已经接枝到了乙烯分子链中，并且茂金属聚乙烯接枝前后的晶型结构和结晶度都没有发生明显变化。 关键词：水相悬浮法；马来酸二丁酯接枝聚乙烯；过氧化苯甲酰；DBMAbstract In this paper, aqueous suspension synthesis of dibutyl maleate and low-density polyethylene graft copolymer, and explore a variety of process conditions on the grafting efficiency. Water as suspension medium case, use xylene as the interface agent, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator, by examining the reaction time, initiator dosage, monomer amount, reaction temperature and other factors, resulting a better reaction condition: reaction time 2.5h,the reaction temperature85℃,10% of monomer,5% of initiator concentration. Soxhlet fat extraction device is used to detect the gel fraction of grafting; studying the effects of temperature on the melt flow rate (MFR);By using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the graft synthetic products existence; After differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characteriza the change of crystallinity after the graft,we know that there is no diffirence. The results show that：With the increase of grafting yield the melt flow speed decreased slightly. the carbonyl and carbon-carbon double bonds absorption peaks in IR absorption pattern prove that the DBM has been grafted to the ethylene molecular chains. After the graft ,metallocene polyethylene,s crystal structure and crystallinity do not change. Key words: Aqueous suspension; Dibutyl maleate grafted polyethylene; BPO; DBM目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 目 录 1 引 言 1 第一章 文献综述 3 1.1聚乙烯的改性方法 3 1.1.1聚乙烯的物理改