固液分离4.pptVIP

第四章 悬浮液的预处理技术 液相预处理 固相预处理 固液混合预处理 Kang SLSWTT,TJU 1 Introduction The separation of solids from liquids can often be enhanced by pretreating the slurry. There are a number of factors that influence the separation and which can be improved by the pretreatment. A few of these techniques are expanded upon here. Kang SLSWTT,TJU 2 一、Treatment of the Liquid The most common treatment of the liquid is to change its viscosity. The viscosity of the liquid affects the viscosity of the slurry (and its associated pressure losses for pumping this slurry) and it affects the pressure loss for the liquid passing through the cake filter medium, etc. There are several correlations available for estimating the slurry viscosity as given in Solids Notes 4: Bulk Properties of Powders and Slurries. Most of these correlations are of the form： Kang SLSWTT,TJU 3 Treatment of the Liquid From this, we can see that a change in the liquid viscosity will result in a proportional change in the slurry viscosity. In practice there are two techniques available for reducing the viscosity -raise the temperature -dilute with a less viscous liquid. Kang SLSWTT,TJU 4 Treatment of the Liquid A large reduction in viscosity can be obtained from a small increase in the temperature. For example, the viscosity of water can be reduced by almost 50% by heating it from 20℃to 55℃. Typically, the effect of temperature on a liquid viscosity is shown in the generalized curve in Figure 4-1. The greatest advantage in changing temperature is obtained with highly viscous materials. Dilution with a less viscous liquid is a useful technique, but it also has its drawbacks. It increases the slurry volume and the filtrate may require additional processing such as liquid-liquid extraction. Kang SLSWTT,TJU 5 Figure 4-1 Viscosity – temperature relationship for liquids Kang SLSWTT,TJU 6 Treatment of the Liquid Another pretreatment of the liquid is degassing. As a liquid passes through a filter its absolute pressure dec