外文翻译---土压力理论在薄煤层回填支柱设计中的应用.docxVIP

翻译部分英文原文Design of backfilled thin-seam coal pillars using earth pressure theory1. IntroductionThe Self-Advancing Miner has been designed to extract coal from seams less than 90 centimeters thick. The SAM allows for extraction of the full seam height while minimizing waste rock, and utilizes remote operation that allows the miner to advance up to 180m (600ft) into the seam. However, the coal seams are so thin that the recovery rates of this mining method will be fairly low and will decrease rapidly with the depth of mining. In order to increase the recovery from thin-seam mines, pillars must be designed as small as possible without compromising the stability of the mine. Backfill can provide the support necessary to maintain the integrity of the underground workings while allowing for increased extraction. The placing of backfill underground has predominantly been a practice employed in cut-and-fill mines (Thomas, 1979). Backfill material is introduced underground into previously mined stopes to provide a working platform and localized support, reducing the volume of open space which could potentially be filled by a collapse of the surrounding pillars (Barret et al., 1978). The presence of fill in an opening prevents large-scale movements and collapse of openings merely by occupying voids left by mining (Aitchison et al.1973).Therefore, the placement of fill in open spacesunderground tends to prevent the unraveling/spalling of the surrounding rock mass into the mined-out space, effectively increasing the strength, or load bearing capacity, of the surrounding rock mass. This type of support mechanism not only helps provide support to pillars and walls, but also helps to prevent caving and roof falls, minimize surface subsidence, and enhance pillar recovery (Coates, 1981). Although the support capability of backfill is well known it still remains fairly difficult to quantify. Models and equations for the determination of backfill support have been proposed (Cai, 1983;