外文翻译---基于Petri网的PLC开发程序.docxVIP

附录A 英文文献USING PETRI NETS TO DEVELOP PROGRAMS FOR PLC SYSTEMSAbstract：In this project we examined ways in which systems may be implemented on Programmable Logic Controllers. PLC systems exhibit a number of unique features, our objective was to create a practical approach to modelling systems which would lead towards implementation on PLCs.A.1 IntroductionThis paper discusses a method by which Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) programs may be developed, from specification through to code, paying particular attention to the safety aspects of PLC systems. The project is a partnership between Systec and Sheffield City Polytechnic.A.2 Programmable Logic ControllersThe PLC is a programmable device which uses an instruction set of logical commands. It is divided into three sections.Digital inputs connected to specific internal addresses. Analogue inputs can only be accepted by prior conversion to digital.Internal memory comprising timers, counters, registers and discreet internal relays.Digital outputs made up of relays, transistors and triacs and analogue outputs handled by digital to analogue converters.No standard approach to programming has been developed due to the varied nature of systems. There is no standard language so most PLC programmers develop programs using Ladder Logic with no standard methodology.Ladder Logic is an attempt to simplify the programming task across a range of different PLCs. The ladder logic models the hard wiring thus modelling the solution not the problem. A simple example is the control of a start stop relay for a motor shown in figure A1- figure (1). The equivalent ladder logic looks very similar, figure A1-figure(2). This circuit is based on the start switch being connected to input number 400, the stop switch to 401 and the motor output to 436. The ladder is a low level modelling tool, the PLC program is a translation of the ladder logic into mneumonics and number that vary from PLC to PLC. Figure A1For a Mitsubishi PLC the correspo