Application A – Formulated Beverages.doc

Attachment 5 Nutrition Assessment Application A470 – Formulated Beverages Contents Executive Summary 114 1. Introduction 116 2. Assessing the Nutrition and Health Need Associated with Proposed Vitamin and Mineral Additions 117 2.1 Nutritional Need – Inadequate Intakes Associated with the Requested Vitamins and Minerals 117 2.2. Nutritional Need – Evidence on Sub-clinical or Clinical Deficiencies 122 2.3 Vitamins and Minerals not Assessed on Nutritional Need 125 2.4 Assessing the Health Benefits from Increasing Individual Vitamin and Mineral Intakes 125 2.5 Summary of the Nutrition and Health Need Assessment 130 3. The Potential for Formulated Beverage Fortification to Address Nutrition and Health Needs 131 4. Nutrition-Related Health Risks 132 4.1 Nutritional Impact from the Macronutrient Profile of Formulated Beverages 132 4.2 Suitability of Formulated Beverages for Voluntary Fortification – The Influence on Bioavailability 134 5. Conclusion 135 Reference List 136 Appendix 1: Electronic Literature Search on Health Benefits (number of articles identified) 151 Appendix 2: Assessment of Health Benefit: Chromium 154 Appendix 3: Assessment of Health Benefit: Vitamin A 166 Appendix 4: Assessment of Health Benefit: β-carotene 171 Appendix 5: Assessment of Health Benefit: Vitamin C 190 Appendix 6: Assessment of Health Benefit: Phosphorus 210 Appendix 7: Assessment of Health Benefit: Vitamin B12 215 Appendix 8: Assessment of Health Benefit: Thiamin, Niacin, Biotin, Pantothenic acid, Copper, Manganese, and Molybdenum 223 Executive Summary The purpose of the nutrition assessment is to determine the nutrition and health need for adding the requested 24 vitamins and minerals to FB, and to examine the nutrition-related health risks to the broader Australian and New Zealand populations. The overarching approach to the nutrition assessment has been to consider FSANZ’s statutory objectives as stated in section 10 of the FSANZ Act, and to have regard to the Ministerial Poli