人体发育学（运动康复）_1课件.ppt

粗大运动能力评定 Gross Motor Function Classification Systemfor Cerebral Palsy (GMFCS) Before 2nd Birthday Level I Infants move in and out of sitting and floor sit with both hands free to manipulate objects. Infants crawl on hands and knees, pull to stand and take steps holding on to furniture. Infants walk between 18 months and 2 years of age without the need for any assistive mobility device. Level II Infants maintain floor sitting but may need to use their hands for support to maintain balance. Infants creep on their stomach or crawl on hands and knees. Infants may pull to stand and take steps holding on to furniture. Level III Infants maintain floor sitting when the low back is supported. Infants roll and creep forward on their stomachs. Level IV Infants have head control but trunk support is required for floor sitting. Infants can roll to supine and may roll to prone. Level V Physical impairments limit voluntary control of movement. Infants are unable to maintain antigravity head and trunk postures in prone and sitting. Infants require adult assistance to roll. Between 2nd and 4th Birthday Level I Children floor sit with both hands free to manipulate objects. Movements in and out of floor sitting and standing are performed without adult assistance. Children walk as the preferred method of mobility without the need for any assistive mobility device. Level II Children floor sit but may have difficulty with balance when both hands are free to manipulate objects. Movements in and out of sitting are performed without adult assistance. Children pull to stand on a stable surface. Children crawl on hands and knees with a reciprocal pattern, cruise holding onto furniture and walk using an assistive mobility device as preferred methods of mobility. Level III Children maintain floor sitting often by W-sitting (sitting between flexed and internally rotated hips and knees) and may require adult assistance to assume sitting. Children creep on their stomach or crawl on hands an