非谓语动词导学案(二).docVIP

Topic : BOOK 4 Unit 2 Grammar 非谓语动词(二) 策略与反思 纠错与归纳 【Aims学习目标】Knowledge ＆skills(知识与技能)【Key points 重点】【Difficult points难点】【自主学习 】The accident is shocking. I’ m astonished at the news. 四、不定式、分词做定语： 1、不定式做定语： ①不定式做定语常放在被修饰词之后做后置定语，和句子的被修饰词有逻辑关系。 The next train to arrive is from Washington .(主谓关系) I have several questions to ask you.(动宾) Would you please give me some paper to write on ? 但如果被修饰词是time、place、way，后面的介词可省略。 He had no money and no place to live (in). 不定式做表语形容词的状语时不定式与主语为动宾关系。中间省略for sb. The book is difficult to understand . ( The book is difficult for me to understand.) 注意： He is always the first to come and last to leave. We have various kinds of clothes to choose from. ②下列名词后常跟不定式做定语, 表示对这些名词的解释： ability、chance、idea、fact、excuse、promise、answer、reply、belief、way 等等。 Do you have the ability to read and write English? My wish to visit France has come true at last. ③不定式的时态和语态：（to do、to be doing、to be done、to have done、to have been done） 不定式的一般时常表示不定式动作和谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓词动作之后， The book is difficult to understand. Would you please give me some paper to write on? 不定式的进行时表示不定式动作正在进行： He pretended to be listening attentively.（专心的） 不定式的完成时表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.很抱歉让你久等了。 （I am sorry to keep you waiting long. 很抱歉要让你久等。） I happened to have read the book before. 不定式的被动表示不定式动作与其逻辑主语是被动关系 I want the letter to be mailed at once. 不定式的完成被动式表示被动的同时，还表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前。 The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (It’s said that the book has been translated into many languages.) 2、分词做定语： 现在分词做定语表示主动、正在进行、性质。 过去分词做定语表示被动、已经完成、状态。 不定式做定语表示动作还未发生。 单个的分词常做前置定语： falling leaves（正在进行） exciting news（性质） excited fans（状态） fallen leaves（已经完成） exploiting class（主动） exploited class（被动） 两个或两个以上单词组成的分词短语作后置定语： Do you know the man talking to Li Ming ?（主动、正在进行） This is the lab set up by the students themselves.（被动、已经完成） 现在分词的被动式(being done)表示被动和正在进行。 The song being sung is very popular with the students.(被动、正在进行) T