液相色谱质谱联用技术进展及其在中药中的应用课件.ppt

液相色谱质谱联用技术进展及其在中药中的应用 Cooks 2005年4月18日 内容 质谱原理简介 1.四级杆质谱 2.离子阱质谱 液质联用技术进展 1.色谱进展 2.液质接口 3.质谱性能的改进 在中药研究中的应用 展望 第一部分 质谱原理简介 What can MS tell us?  Accurate mass measurements can be used to match empirical formulae. Fragmentation fingerprints (specific to each compound) can be used to identify samples by comparison to fragment databases. Controlled fragmentation (through MS/MS and MSn) can be used for structural elucidation of novel compounds. Common peaks observed in a spectrum can give useful information regarding functional groups. Relative isotope abundances are used to get information regarding the elements making up a compound. Complex mixtures can be analysed via hyphenated techniques such as GC-MS and HPLC-MS, thus negating the need for time consuming sample purification. 四级杆质谱原理 四级杆质谱原理 四级杆质谱原理 离子阱的原理 离子阱的原理 离子阱的原理 离子阱实现MS和MS/MS的动画 第二部分 液质联用技术进展 液质联用技术进展—色谱 微径柱(内径：1 mm,2.1 mm,3 mm; 粒径：4 mm,5 mm) Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) utilizes sub-2mm particles with high linear solvent velocities to effect dramatic increases in resolution, sensitivity and speed of analysis. The reduction in particle size to below 2mm requires instrumentation that can operate at pressures in the 6000–15 000 psi range. The typical peak widths generated by the UPLC system are in the order of 1–2 s for a 10-min separation. 液质联用技术进展—接口 Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization（APPI）大气压光电离源 Atmospheric-Pressure Laser Ionization(APLI)大气压激光电离源 组合源（APPI-APCI，APPI-ESI） APPI原理简介---激发 APPI原理简介---Dopant A suitable substance, added in relatively large amounts (compared to the analyte), could significantly increase the number of ions. Such a substance, called a dopant, is effective if it is photoionizable and can function as an intermediate between the photons and the analytes by reacting with them by charge exchange or proton transfer. APPI原理简介---[M+H]+的形成 APPI原理简介---溶剂的作用 APPI原理简介---光源