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Chapter 11 Motion SCHOOLinSITES Web hosting solutions 11章运动schoolinsites Web托管解决的方案.ppt

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Chapter 11 Motion SCHOOLinSITES Web hosting solutions 11章运动schoolinsites Web托管解决的方案

CHAPTER 12:FORCES AND MOTION SECTION 12–1: FORCES OBJECTIVES Describe examples of force and identify appropriate SI units used to measure force. Explain how the motion of an object is affected when balanced and unbalanced forces act on it. Compare and contrast the four kinds of friction. Describe how Earth’s gravity and air resistance affect falling objects. Describe the path of a projectile and identify the forces that produce projectile motion. WHAT IS A FORCE? A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. A force can cause a resting object to move, or it can accelerate a moving object by changing the object’s speed or direction. Forces are often easy to measure. Scales and balances are used to measure gravitational forces. Force is measured in newtons (N). One newton is the force that causes a 1-kilogram mass to accelerate at a rate of 1 meter per second per second. One newton is equal to a kilogram-meter per second squared (kgm/s2). COMBINING FORCES You can combine force arrows to show the result of how forces combine. Forces in the same direction add together and forces in opposite directions subtract from one another. The net force is the overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined. When the forces on an object are balanced, the net force is zero and there is no change in the object’s motion. Much like an equally matched game of tug-of-war or arm-wrestling. COMBINING FORCES Often, the forces on an object are unbalanced. An unbalanced force is a force that results when the net force acting on an object is not equal to zero. When an unbalanced force acts on an object, the object accelerates. Forces acting in opposite directions can also combine to produce an unbalanced force. FRICTION All moving objects are subject to friction, a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other. Friction acts at the surface where objects are in contact. There are four main types of friction: static friction, s