(神经解剖学)dincephalon cerebellum.ppt

* 2nd largest portion of the brain. lies in the posterior cranial fossa and behind the pons and medulla oblongata. is covered by the tentorilum cerebelli * the cerebellum can be divided into the 2 lateral located cerebellar hemispheres and cerebellar vermis in the midline * The cerebellum is often regarded as consisting of three functional subdivisions, based upon phylogenetic, anatomical and functional consierations External features Consists of two cerebellar hemisphere united in the midline by the vermis小脑蚓 The surface of the cerebellum is highly convoluted, the folds, or folia external features cerebellum cerebellar hemispheres cerebellar vermis Inferior aspect of the cerebellumflocculonodular lobe Posteriolateral fissure flocculonodular lobe posterior lobe two cerebellar hemispheres inferior vermis Tonsil of cerebellum Tonsil of cerebellum at the level of the occipital foramen magnum Cerebellar lobes: the cerebellum can be divided into 3 lobes, depending on the position. Anterior lobe is the part of the anterior to the primary fissure Posterior lobe between the primary fissure and posterolateral fissure. Flocculonodular lobe consists of the floccule and nodule. Anterior lobe(red) posterior lobe (green) flocculonodular lobe(blue) Ant Lobe Post Lobe nodulus internal structure of cerebellum Gray matter Cerebellar cortex Cerebellar nuclei Dentate nucleus Fastigial顶nucleus Emboliform栓状nucleus Globose球状 nucleus White matter medullary center peduncles The cerebellum basically consists of an outer layer grey matter, the cerebellar cortex and inner core of white matter The white matter is made up largely of afferent and efferent fibers Within white matter four pairs of cerebellar nuclei are buried deeply, which have important connections with the cerebellar cortex and with certain nuclei of the brain stem and thalamus Cerebellar cortex: the molecular layer the Purkinje cell layer the granular粒 la