四六级备考重要实用基础知识.docVIP

四六级备考重要实用基础知识：主谓一致(1) 当单数名词做主语后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短语做定语时，谓语动词形式不受定语的影响，也就是说无论定语中名词或者代词是单数还是复数，谓语动词只和主语保持一致，在写作中可经常用到这一点。看下面这个例子： 　　老师和同学们步行去那里。这句话怎么翻译呢？我想很多人如果在写作中想表达这个意思会翻译成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.这样的句子显得有些单调，如果应用我们上面说的这个语言点时，可以说：The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比较一下这2句话的差别，是不是第2个句子更有“档次”些呢？但是如果第2个句子的谓语动词is搞错，不但提高不了分数，反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分，这一点一定要注意。 　　(2) 有些同学想增加文章的亮点，会尝试使用一些名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语，这种情况也要注意谓语动词的准确使用。名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语时往往表达一种抽象概念，谓语动词应该用单数形式，看下面2句话：Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty. 　　(3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在写作种也比较常用，这种句子中的谓语动词应该取决与主语中邻近部分，看下面这个句子：Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV. 　　(4) 在议论文写作中会经常遇到“大量许多”，很多同学只会用many much这种简单的表达，我把它的短语表达方式总结一下供大家写作时使用。 　　第一组：A large amount of,large amounts of （只修饰不可数名词） 　　例句：A large amount of damage was done in a very short time. 　　Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 　　第二组：A large number of,large numbers of 　　第三组：A lot of,lots of 　　第四组：A large quantity of,quantities of. 　　第五组 many a ,more than one 　　例句：Many a way has been tried. 　　More than one example is necessary to make students understand this rule clearly. 　　如果使用这组表达也要特别注意谓语动词的形式，many a ,more than one做定语修饰主语的单数可数名词时，虽然表示复数概念但是谓语动词要用单数。攻克大学英语四级词汇结构句型难点It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say.2. 强调句型It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.3. All+抽象名词或抽象名词+itself(very+形容词)He was all gentleness to her.4. 利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime a crime.5. something(much)of和nothing(little)of something of相当于to some extent，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为anything of ，可译为有点，略微等。译为毫无，全无。much of译为大有，not much of可译为算不上，称不上，little of可译为几乎无。something like译为有点像，略似。6. 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，of以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰of后面的那个名词。如her old sharper of a father，可译为：她那骗子般的父亲。Those pigs of girls eat so much.7. as…as…can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be.8. It is in(with)…