赵_Chapter_5_The_analysis_of_human_karotype.pptVIP

Chapter 5 The analysis of human karyotype Experiment Aim 1. Grasp the common characters of normal human karyotype 2. Know the basic method of human karyotype analysis Experiment materials 1. The pictures of printed normal human G-banding karyotype 2. scissors, glue, tweezers 染色体核型定义 指一个物种体细胞所特有的染色体数目和每一条染色体的形态特征。 人类体细胞中共有23对染色体，22对常染色体，一对性染色体。 染色体数目确定 染色体形态特征： 长度：绝对、相对 相对长度=每条染色体的长度/全套染色体长度 臂率=长臂/短臂 着丝粒指数=短臂/（长+短臂） 随体的有无 Denver System In 1961 an international meeting was held at the University of Colorado Medical School in Denver, Colorado to standardize the format for a normal human karyotype. The format that evolved is known as the Denver System. Each chromosome has its own individuality as shown by its size, shape, and position of its kinetochore. Using the Denver System, the chromosomes are put into similar groups designated by letters. Then numbers are used to subdivide the chromosomes within the groups designated by numbers based on the position of the kinetochore and the length of the chromatids. The homologous chromosomes are paired based on their banding. Human karyotype Denver system table The student will obtain a normal male or female karyotype. Next, using scissors, carefully cut out the individual chromosomes and arrange them on a blank karyotype form with the kinetochore on the dotted line using the Denver System Table and the sample karyotype as a guide. 计数，沿边缘剪下染色体，编号 初步目测配对，分组 （测量长度，计算相对长度、着丝粒指数、 臂率），相同的染色体间配对 实验报告 1 2 3 4 5 A B 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 13 14 15 16 17 18 D E 19 20 21 22 F G Exercise Attach chromosomes to the karyotype form in printed male/female G-banding picture. * * Cellular and Medical Genetics Experiments Zhao zhujiang 正常人体细胞核型分析 核型分析：将待测细胞进行染色体数目、形态特征分析的过程称核型分析 Four shortest c