Kinmatics Motion in One Dimension在一维运动运动.pptVIP

Seeing a stop sign ahead, a person begins to brake as they drive lawfully on Cunningham. If their reaction time is 1 s, what is the total distance they need to stop if they can accelerate at -8 m/s2? * Distance Speed Time *These are all scalar quantities -only magnitude Displacement Velocity Acceleration *These are all vector quantities -magnitude and direction DISTANCE Total traveled Path dependent Scalar quantity Both use the same variable and units Variable: d (sometimes: x,r,?) Units: m DISPLACEMENT Change in position Path independent Vector quantity An odometer in your car shows: Distance The following is a list of gains and loses of a Bears possession First down: gain 8 yards Penalty lose 10 yards Second down: gain 11 yards Third down: lose 1 yard What is the total distance? What is the total displacement? DIFFERENCES Speed: how fast (scalar) Always positive Example: 25 m/s Velocity: how fast in a certain direction (vector) Can be positive or negative Example: 25 m/s North SIMILARITIES Variable: v Units: m/s A speedometer in your car shows: Speed Jim travels from Palatine to Chicago at 65 mph. Susie travels from Chicago to Palatine at 65 mph. Are the velocities equal? No, different directions v=(df-di)/(tf-ti) OR commonly written as v=?d/ ? t *? means change Average Speed/Velocity In gym, you have to run the 100 m dash. If you run it in 18 s, what was your velocity? A freaky fast Jimmy Johns delivery man makes a delivery that is 2.2 miles away and it takes him 9 min. What is his average velocity in mi/hr? SPEED (AVERAGE) Total distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed **Example: Round trip drive to school VELOCITY Total displacement divided by total time A change in velocity Vector quantity Positive vs. Negative Acceleration + velocity and + acceleration = _____ + velocity and - acceleration = _____ - velocity and - acceleration = _____ - velocity and + acceleration = _____ Variable: