Lattices, Unit Cell amp; Bravais Lattices Department f Geology格，晶胞amp；晶格地质系.pptVIP

The internal order of minerals: Lattices, Unit Cell Bravais Lattices Geol 3055 Klein (22nd ed), pages 213-221 229-234 Definition of a mineral Naturally occuring Homogenous solid Definite (but not fixed) chemical composition Defined physical properties Highly ordered atomic arrangement Usually formed by inorganic processes … Ordered atoms distinguished crystals (solids) from liquids, gases and glasses Ordered…periodic repetition of atoms of atom or ion througout an infinite atomic array. An atom is surrounded by an identical arrangement of neighboring atoms, which are n quantity of unit cells Unit cells dimensions: 5-20 angstroms (1A=10-8cm) Translation Example of translation (vectors): , , , , , , , , One-dimensional order (rows) Motifs, nodes or objects in a row In a row the magnitude of one translation determines spacing (distance) Two dimensional order (plane lattices) Regular translation in two different directions The connection of four nodes in the figure represent a unit cell (smallest building unit). Various unit cells produce a plane lattice. Lattices When motifs (commas) are substitute by points (nodes) the pattern is called a lattice. The nodes represent atoms or ions. Lattice is an imaginary pattern of points (or nodes) in which every point has an environment that is identical to that of any other point (node) in a pattern. A lattice has no specific origin, as it can be shifted parallel to itself Plane lattices The are ONLY 5 possible and distinct plane lattices or nets (see figure 5.50) Result by the repetition of a row (translation along y) Depend on the angle γ between x and y, and the size of the b translation along y See Fig 5.50 Unit cell’s produce by arrays of nodes Three-dimensional order Three vectors (a, b, c) instead of two (a b) The stacking in the c-axis, of the five planar nets discussed in 2-dimensional figures (fig. 5.50), will produce 14 different lattice types kno