Limiting Characterisics of Expert Systems限制了专家系统的特点.docVIP

Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence in Perspective Artificial intelligence (AI) Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain Artificial intelligence system People, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that demonstrate characteristics of intelligence Characteristics of Intelligent Behavior Learn from experience Handle complex situations Solve problems when important information is missing Determine what is important Characteristics of Intelligent Behavior React quickly and correctly to a new situation Understand visual images Process and manipulate symbols Be creative and imaginative Use heuristics Natural vs. Artificial Intelligence Since the term artificial intelligence was defined in the 1950s, experts have disagreed about the difference between natural and artificial life. A driving force behind AI research is an attempt to understand how humans actually reason and think. Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence Expert systems Robotics Vision systems Natural language processing Learning systems Neural network Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence Expert systems Hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to a human expert Robotics Mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or repetitive hazardous tasks Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence Vision systems Hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures almost as precisely as human experts Natural language processing Hardware and software that allow computers to understand and react to statements and commands made in a human (natural) language Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence Learning systems A combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or r