Pros amp; Cons of Federal Energy Tax Icentives利amp；联邦能源税收优惠政策的利弊.pptVIP

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Pros amp; Cons of Federal Energy Tax Icentives利amp；联邦能源税收优惠政策的利弊.ppt

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Pros

Pros Cons of Tax Incentives as Policy Drivers ASHRAE Seminar 25 “Tax Policies to Encourage Energy Efficient and High Performance Buildings” Philip Fairey January 27, 2003 Tax Incentive Objectives Market transformation Overcomes market barriers that are common to new, advanced or innovative products Economic stimulus Encourages consumer spending on specific (targeted) products and services Energy security More than 50% of our petroleum is imported Energy reliability Peaking problems are increasingly widespread Energy Policy Principles Achieve significant energy savings (30% or more) Ensure that savings are verifiable Tie incentives to performance Stimulate the economy (and leverage spending) Transform the market so the same incentive is not required in perpetuity Incentive Options Price-based Incentives The amount of the incentive is computed based on the price of the product Easy to specify Performance-based Incentives The amount of the incentive is computed based on the performance of the product Difficult to specify correctly Price-Based Incentives Tend to increase prices The same percentage of a larger price yields more incentive dollars Tend to invite corruption Tailor made for the confidence artist Can increase price and give part back to consumer in form of sales incentive Can decrease cost (not price) and quality because performance in not considered. Previous Experience Solar tax credit of the 1980s 40% of purchase price up to $4,000 credit System prices skyrocketed ($10,000) Scam artists flocked to the market Solar industry almost perished when tax credit expired in 1985 Remaining solar industry just now recovering “The Sting” (Urban Legend) Price of the solar system = $10,000 $4,000 tax credit from government Sales incentive: Free, 1st-class, week-long trip to Bahamas (supposedly worth worth $3,000!) Actual system cost = $3,000 Treasure pays for trip plus large profit No assurance of claimed energy savings Policy Implications The true market competiti