国际商法 贸易壁垒 trade barrier 案例.pptVIP

Why do the governments set barriers for the international trade?;What is tariff barriers?所谓关税壁垒，是指进出口商品经过一国关境时，由政府所设置海关向进出口商征收关税所形成的一种贸易障碍。按征收关税的目的来划分，关税有两种：一是财政关税，其主要目的是为了增加国家财政收入；二是保护关税，其主要目的是为保护本国经济发展而对外国商品的进口征收高额关税。; Reasons 1.For collection of revenue 2.Regulation of import competition 3.Retaliation against foreign government trade barriers 4.Implementation of foreign policy ;5.Implementation of national economic policies 6.Protection of the national defense 7.Protection of natural resources of the environment 8.protection of public health,safety and morals, and plant and animal life ;1.Retaliation against foreign government trade barriers ;Case 1.中美轮胎特保案 ;The Event. April 20,2009 : United States Steel Workers Association(钢铁工人协会) put forward application of special measures to the United States International Trade Commission(美国国际贸易委员会) against the commercial tyres that China transmit to USA market. They require the government set quotas on 21 million tires of passenger cars, light trucks, minivan(迷你面包车) and sports car that China exported. Our government has expressed strong dissatisfaction and resolutely opposed that. June 18,2009: The United States International Trade Commission made a positive damage adjudication(肯定性损害裁决) to Chinese passenger cars and light truck tires safeguard(轮胎特保案).They made sure that the increase of tires products imported from China caused or threatened to cause market disruption in the United States industry. ;;Retaliation against American Trade Barriers;;1.Retaliation against foreign government trade barriers ;? The technical barriers to trade—tea trade between Japan and China ;The tea industry is a traditional pillar(产业) industry for China’s economy.It has developed rapidly and has gained significant achievements with reform and opening-up to the international market.Known as “green trade barriers”, new non-tariff barriers to trade(NTBs), such as tec