宝典hp-unix-内存热门题目及案例分享.ppt

内存热点问题及案例分享 张永军 企业客户技术支持中心 支持服务事业部 中国惠普有限公司 2004.2 检查内存 1. dmesg: Memory Information: physical page size = 4096 bytes, logical page size = 4096 bytes Physical: 1048576 Kbytes, lockable: 790684 Kbytes, available: 918096 Kbytes 2.sam: sam?Performance Monitors?System Properties?Memory 3.syslog.log 4.glance Memory的角色 三个部分: 1. Physical memory 2. Available Memory The amount of main memory not reserved for the kernel is termed available memory. Available memory is used by the system for executing user processes. 3. Lockable Memory Pages kept in memory for the lifetime of a process by means of a system call (such as mlock, plock, or shmctl) are termed locked memory. Locked memory cannot be paged and processes with locked memory cannot be deactivated. Kernel parameter: unlockable_mem. Total available system memory - unlockable_mem = lockable memory 检查空闲内存 1. Top Memory: 126108K (79812K) real, 419716K (324852K) virtual, 98184K free 2. Glance 3. Vmstat #vmstat 1 1 procs memory page faults cpu r b w avm free re at pi po fr de sr in sy cs us sy id 1 0 0 93405 5989 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 448 737 133 1 1 99 与内存相关的内核参数 Buffer cache related: nbuf and bufpages =0 表示使用动态内存 dbc_max_pct 50 dbc_min_pct 5 Buffer cache used by File system. 建议调低dbc_max_pct(尤其大量使用raw device)，否则占用太多内存。 与内存相关的内核参数(续) vx_ninode=0 表示使用动态内存,可能占用很大内存, 造成系统内存资源耗尽，还可能造成superpagepool corruption Or fragmentation。 unlockable_mem 使用缺省值(=0) 内存的分配 内存分配的三种方式，需要相同数量的swap. plain memory as allocated with? malloc(3C) system call. shared memory as allocated with shmget(2) system call. memory mapped files as allocated with?mmap(2) system call.?? 内存的分配（续） 一般内存的分配由malloc(3C) 系统调用完成a) To report process memory usage, by largest first, run: ?????????? # ps –efl | sort –rnk 10 | more ?And look at 10th column (SZ) to see