水轮机选与结构设计.docVIP

毕业设计（论文） 题 目 水轮机 选型与结构设计 专 业 热能与动力工程 班 级 学 生 指导教师 2013 年 摘 要 水轮机作为水力原动机，是水力发电机组能量转换的核心部件。水轮机参数选择的先进性和合理性，结构设计的可靠性和适用性对水轮发电机组的安全稳定运行乃至整个电力系统的生产和安全具有非常重要的意义。有必要加强转轮选型设计和水轮机结构设计方面的研究，进一步提高机组的性能和质量。 本文根据山美电站的工程概况和相关参数，做了如下工作：（1）选择合适的水轮机机型。根据所给的电站原始资料和模型综合特性曲线，利用相关公式计算出原型水轮机的主要相关参数，然后将所选参数转换为单位转速，在模型综合特性曲线上检验所选参数是否合适，并绘制水轮机综合运转特性曲线。（2）进行水轮机的结构设计。通过分析水轮机各零部件的作用和结构特点，寻找各零部件的特征尺寸以及各尺寸的关联关系，参照水轮机设计手册等现有资料，运用AUTO-CAD绘图软件，对山美电站的水轮机结构进行设计。设计内容主要包括：①埋入部件：座环、基础环、尾水管、蜗壳；②导水机构以及顶盖、底环；③转动部件：转轮的结构、主轴，并对主轴进行强度校核；④其他部件：主轴密封、水导轴承、真空破坏阀和补气装置。 ABSTRACT As a hydraulic prime mover, the turbine is the core components of energy conversion part among the hydro electric generating set. The advancement and rationality of turbine parameters selection as well as the reliability and applicability of the structure design possess great significance to the safe and stable operation of the hydroelectric generating set, even to the production and safety of the whole power system. It is necessary to further the study on the runner type-selection design and the structure design of turbine, thus improving the performance and quality of the set. According to the project profiles and associated parameters of Shanmei hydropower station, this thesis completed the following tasks: 1. Selecting appropriate model of turbine. Based on the original materials and model synthetic characteristics curve provided by the plant, the paper calculated the main relative parameters of the model turbine with associated formula, and then transformed the parameters into the unit rotation speed to test the applicability on the synthetic characteristics curve, as well as drew a synthetic running features curve of the turbine. 2. Designing the structure of the turbine. The design of the turbine in Shanmei Plant was completed by sev