英语国际音标（48个）课件.ppt

Phonetic Symbols;元音（20个）; 辅音（28个） 清辅音 [p] [ t ] [?k] [ f ] [θ] [s] 浊辅音 [b] [d ]? [g ] [ v] [ e]? [z]? 清辅音 [?] [?h] [ts] [ t?] [tr]? 浊辅音 [?] [?r ]? [dz]? [d?] [dr]? 鼻音 [m] [ n] [?]? 半元音? [?j] [ w] 舌边音 [ ? ];1) 字母：语言的书写形式。2) 音标：词的语音形式。3) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48素。4) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap‘ple, stu’dent, tea‘cher, un’der‘stand5) 元音字母：a e I o u 辅音字母： 余下的21个字母;6) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e  nice cake b) 辅音+元音 hi, she, hello;7) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 （get） b) 元音+辅音 （ it ） 在闭音节中发它们的短音 [?]、 [ e ] 、 [ i ] 、[?] 、[?] 、 [ u ] 如：bag cat ---- [?] bed desk ---- [ e ] big、 pig ---- [ i ] dog、 box ---- [?] but ---- [?] ; put ---- [ u ] ;元音字母发音规律;o [?u ] home nose coke vote no [o] dog not ox box clock u [ju:] use cube tube excuse usually [u:] flu blue glue [Λ ] bus us sun cut duck but bun [ u ] put? pull? push ;; 元音： 1) [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2) [i] sit, build, miss, myth 3) [e] bed, desk, head, 4) [?] bad, land, bank, stamp 5) [a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6) [?] hot, want 7) [?:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8) [u:] who, blue, soup, 9) [u] foot，good, look, put, woman, could 10) [?] cup, come, blood, flood， rough ;11) [?:] girl, work, serve, nurse 12) [?] ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13) [ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) [ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15) [?u] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16) [au] house, town 17) [?i] boy, oil ，toy，soil18) [i?]dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) [??] pear, care, there, fair 20) [u?] tour, poor,; 辅音1) [p] pen, praise, potato, polite,2) [b] bed, comb, beyond, between3) [t] tell, ticket, tower, excite4) [d], day, played, wanted 5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, box 6) [g] big, go, guess, lan