文学综合.docVIP

美文学重点The Romantic Period From the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. Started with Washington Irvings The Sketch Book and ended with Whitmans Leaves of Grass, also called the American Renaissance .Free expression of emotion, escapes from society, and return to nature New England Transcendentalism 新英格兰超验主义 - Walt Whitman, whose Leaves of Grass established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century. Washington Irving - one of the first American writers to earn an international reputation, an early Romantic writer, and Father of the American short stories, “the American Goldsmith”regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced.” First novel A History of New York 纽约外史won him wide popularityThe Sketch Book 见闻札记 won international fame →contains German folk tales Rip Van Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow READING: excerpt from “Rip Van Winkle”瑞普·凡·温可尔 It is not only well-known for Rip’s 20-year sleep but also considered a model of perfect English in American literature and in the English language as well. Ralph Waldo Emerson - the spokesman of New England Transcendentalism（超验主义） movement The American Scholar论美国学者, Self - Reliance论自助, The Over-Soul The Poet a reflection upon the aesthetic(美学的) problems in terms of the present state of literature in America Experience a discussion about the conflict between idealism and ordinary life. American Puritanism, European Romanticism, intuitive(直觉的) knowledge, over-soul, individual, nature Henry David Thoreau梭罗 -Walden沃乐登 READING: excerpt from Nature Nature 论自然 is regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism， Emerson’s first little book… “a transparent eyeball” Nathaniel Hawthorne Interior(内部) of the heart, ‘there is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life, but circumstances may rouse it to activity’, so in almost every book, Hawthorne discuss sin and evil.The Scarlet Letter the