分子免疫抗原免疫原及其识别.ppt

抗原识别的重要性及意义 TCR 抗原肽 MHC-II T 细胞 APC细胞 MHC分子与抗原肽的相互作用 “识 别” 才 是 硬 道 理! Antibody TCR MHC HIV peptide How is the pathogen recognized? 感谢上帝赐予免疫系统！ School of Medicine Fudan University * * Costimulation Sig2 (co-stimulation) 1975 Lafferty Cunningham T helper cells die when they see antigen unless rescued by co-stimulation(signal two) from APCs. bacterium PRRs 1989 Janeway APCs do not co-stimulate unless activated via PRRs(receptors for evolutionarily distant infectious non-self) PRRs-PAMPs C. A. Janeway, Jr., M.D. The Infectious-Nonself Model (1943-2003 ) APCs are activated by danger/alarm signals from injured cells, such as those exposed to pathogens, toxins, mechanical damage, and so forth The Danger model Polly Matzinger 1994 Polly Matzinger APCs are activated by endogenous cellular alarm signals from distressed or injured cells Distressed cell Normal cell Steinman RM, Cohn ZA.Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. I. Morphology, quantitation, tissue distribution. J Exp Med. 1973 May 1;137(5):1142-62. Steinman RM, Cohn ZA.Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. II. Functional properties in vitro.J Exp Med. 1974 Feb 1;139(2): 380-97. Steinman RM, Lustig DS, Cohn ZA. Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. 3. Functional properties in vivo.J Exp Med. 1974 Jun 1; 139(6):1431-45. Steinman RM, Adams JC, Cohn ZA.Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. IV. Identification and distribution in mouse spleen. J Exp Med. 1975 Apr 1;141(4):804-20. Steinman RM, Kaplan G, Witmer MD, Cohn ZA.Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. V. Purification of spleen dendritic cells, new surface markers, and maintenance in vitro.J Exp Med. 1979 Jan 1;149(1):1-16. DC的发现 /research/abstract.php?id=150 Ralph M Steinman. Dendritic cells: versatile controllers of the immune system. Nature Medici