人教版高中英语选修七第2讲Liingwell语法篇.docxVIP

第2讲 Living well 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握动词不定式的形势与用法；能够熟练运用动词不定式各种形式。一. 动词不定式的形式　　一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to doto have doneto be doing被动to be doneto have been done　e.g. He appears to be very happy.T o catch the train, we’d better hurry to the station by taxi. It happened to be raining when we got there. I’m sorry to have lost your key. He is said to have studied abroad. These books are to be given out to the students. This novel has been translated into many languages.二. 动词不定式的用法作主语e.g. To know oneself is difficult.在很多情况下，我们通常用it作形式主语：e.g. It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking efforts.作表语e.g. His wish is to become an astronaut.作宾语e.g. Father likes to listen to music in silence. He had no choice but to sit there as usual. John was happy to be given the job. She is hard to get along with.在feel, find, think, consider,make等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，常用it 作形式宾语e.g. I found it impossible to work out the problem without a computer.可接不定时作宾语的动词有：aim　appear　agree　arrange　ask　?decide　bother　care　choose　come? dare　demand　desire　determine　expect　elect　endeavor?hope?fail　happen　help　hesitate　learn　　mean　manage　offer　ought　plan　prepare　pretend　promise　refuse　seem　tend　wait? wish　refuse attempt continue 作宾语补足语e.g. I heard them sing yesterday. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.注意：hope, demand, suggest后不能接不定式作宾语补足语。作定语e.g. The next train to arrive was from New York. On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. 作状语e.g. I’m saving up to buy a computer. He got to the station only to find the train had gone.不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。1) so ... as to do Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle 把你的自行车借给我好吗？2) such ... as to do We are not such fools as to believe him. 我们还没蠢到竟会相信他。3) enough… to do He didnt run fast enough to catch the train.他跑得不够快, 没赶上火车。4) only to do He lifted a r