2017-2018学年高中英语创新方案译林版江苏专版必修2讲义：Unit 1 Section 4 Word版含答案.docxVIP

现在完成时和现在完成进行时[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①I havent seen Justin since.②Detective Sam Peterson, who has taken charge of the case, told journalists, ‘Sometimes people make up such amazing stories ...’③From our recent survey of students, we have found that 53 percent of the students often play sports.④For centuries, people have reported seeing a wild creature in the Himalayas called Yeti.⑤Large tracks have also been discovered which some people say belong to the Wild Man.⑥This incident has received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappeared.⑦Ive been writing the composition for two hours, but I havent finished it yet.⑧I have been wanting to meet you for a long time.(1)句①～⑥均运用了现在完成时，其谓语动词的构成形式为：have/has＋过去分词。(2)句⑦⑧运用了现在完成进行时，其谓语动词的构成形式为：have/has＋been＋现在分词，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。(3)现在完成时有两个基本用法：一是表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果，如句②③⑤⑥； 二是表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去，如句①④。[语法剖析]语法点一现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成have/has＋过去分词2．现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去发生的动作产生的结果或对现在造成的影响。动作虽然发生在过去，但落脚点在现在。Ive forgotten his telephone number.我忘记了他的电话号码。(没法联系他了)I havent finished reading this book yet, so I cant return it to the library.这本书我还没有看完，所以不能把它还给图书馆。[即时演练1](1)用所给动词的适当形式填空①The price has_gone (go) down, but Im not sure whether it will remain so.②All the windows have_been_painted (paint), and they look new.③They have_put (put) up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.(2)—________ you ________ him around the museum yet?—Yes. We had a great time there.A．Have; shown　B．Do; showC．Had; shown D．Did; show解析：选A　句意：“你有没有带他参观过博物馆？”“是的，我们在那里玩得很开心。”根据答语可判断强调结果和对现在的影响，故选A项。(2)表示动作或状态从过去某时开始一直延续到现在，并可能延续下去。常与so far, by now, up to now, since, for a long time, up till now, in the past/last few years 等表示一段时间的状语连用。He has worked here for twenty years by now.到现在为止，他已经在这儿工作20年了。Up to now, we have received no letters from her.到现在为止，我们没有收到她一封信。[名师点津]　(1)该用法中的动词多是延续性动词，不能是非延续性动词或趋向动词(come, go, leave, arrive等)。(2)非延续性动词用于否定句可以表示否定的状态，故可以用来表示状态的持续。(3)由since 引导的时间状语中， since 后面的时间名词必须是“点时间”，而不能是“一段时间”；