城市污泥制取轻质陶粒及其在污水处理中应用的研究.docVIP

城市污泥制取轻质陶粒及其在污水处理中应用的研究 摘要 由于我国国民经济持续高速增长，城市污水处理厂建设步伐的加快，使得污泥的处理处置问题日益突出，如果处置不当，很容易引起二次污染。目前，我们对污泥的处理、处置与资源化利用主要是以堆放、填埋、焚烧和堆肥等为主，而这些处置、利用方式都存在着一些问题，因此对城市生活污泥的研究是非常必要的。 本文以减量化、无害化、资源化作为整个研究工作的指导思想，对城市污水处理产生的污泥和粘土的性质、新型陶粒的制备、新型陶粒的性能和结构特征、重金属的转化和行为以及新型陶粒在水处理中的应用等方面进行了系统研究。 污泥作为常规污水处理的剩余产品，对它进行处置是十分必要的，利用污泥制作轻集料是一种处置污泥的有效途径。粘土和水玻璃被选为添加剂，在本研究中得到了制备陶粒的两种添加剂最佳添加量和最佳的工艺条件，原料最初成分、孔隙形成机制和固体阶段反应机理。确定最佳产品的参数如下：粘土：干污泥为100%，粘结剂：干污泥为20%，烧成温度为1000℃，保温时间为10min； 对自制污泥陶粒的性能进行了系统测定和分析，重点研究了污泥陶粒的技术性能、形貌特征、重金属的浸出率，分析表明自制的污泥陶粒可作为生物膜载体应用于污水处理中，所含的重金属经过高温烧结，已经固化在底泥陶粒中，活动能力已经大大降低，不会对环境产生二次污染，且其对有机物和氨氮有较强的吸附性能。 对自制污泥陶粒的效益分析表明，利用污水污泥制备陶粒，具有良好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益，开辟了一条污泥处理、处置和资源化利用的新途径。 关键词：　污泥；资源化；粘土；陶粒；重金属 Abstract With the fast growth of national economy and the mushroom of municipal wastewater treating plants, the problem of sludge treatment becomes a hot topic, If not properly treated, the sludge might result in secondary pollution. At present, the disposal and recycle of sludge mainly centers around piling, landfill，incineration and composition, however, the drawbacks of these methods are obvious. Therefore it is necessary to conduct research in the treatment of municipal sludge by employing new approaches. Based on the polestar of decrement, innocency and recycling, the dissertation’s contents are showed as follows: characteristics of dried sludge and clay, technique and mechanism of producing filter media, characters and structure of the production, transactions and characters of heavy metal during the sintering process and in the products, application study in wastewater treatment. As byproducts derived from the regular activities of wastewater treatment plants, it is necessary to implement an adequate disposal of sludge. Therefore production of lightweight aggregate using dried sludge is a new effective approach for disposal of sludge. Clay and water glass are chosen as the additives, the prepared filter media have been made from dried sludge with these two kinds of additives. In