影像学5循环.ppt

Right ventricular enlargement the apex of the heart extends upward the right lower border of the heart extends to the right the anterior lower border of the heart becomes more globular the retrosternal space becomes narrow or disappears the point of opposite pulsation is pushed downwards Aortic knob becomes big oligemia the lung markings will decrease Tetralogy of fallot ------Radiologic feature plain film Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) plain film Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) CT Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) back Signs Patients may develop pinkish-purple patches (malar flush) on their cheeks, The first heart sound is accentuated because of a wide closing excursion of the mitral leaflets. Mitral stenosis (MS) Background Mitral stenosis is an obstruction to left ventricular inflow at the mitral valve level?due?to the structural abnormality of the mitral valve apparatus. Symptoms factors that increase the heart rate precipitate dyspnea by increasing the gradient between the left atrium and the left ventricle. These factors include fever, severe anemia, thyrotoxicosis, exercise, excitement, pregnancy, Pathology hemodynamics Mitral stenosis (MS) LV LA RV RA Ao. PA LM signs ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑— ↓ ↑ ↑ Findings of plain film LM:lung markings PA :pulmonary artery Mitral stenosis Left atrial enlargement the double atrial shadow of the right border the third arch of the left border the left main bronchus is pushed upwards the esophagus is pushed backwards the angle of the bifurcation increases pulmonary venous hypertension interstitial edema Kerley’s B line vosaconstrictive hypertension dilatation of the pulmonary trunk dilatation of the proximal pulmonary arteries narrowing of the distal pulmonary arteries ------Radiologic feature Right ventricular enlargement the apex of the heart extends upward the right lower border of the heart extends to the right the anterior lower border of the heart becomes more globular the retrosternal space becomes narrow or disappears the poin