wih复合结构与独_立_主_格_结.docVIP

一：With复合结构与独立主格结构 with复合结构与独立主格结构是英语中常见的两种结构形式。从某种意义上说，它们可以算作是非谓语动词用法的延伸。它们都可以在句中作原因状语、伴随状况状语、条件状语、时间状语或结果状语用，一般也可以相互转换。虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同，但其结构形式和名称却不相同。抓住这一点，就可以把二者融会贯通，从而在阅读中减少不必要的理解障碍。with复合结构的模式是：with+名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）独立主格结构的模式是：主格名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）请看下例：一、作时间状语1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. =Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.2、With our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday. =Our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday.3、With the traffic light green, the bus got moving. =The traffic light green, the bus got moving.4、With the wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel. =The wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel.二、作原因状语5、With it being Sunday, the library was closed. =It being Sunday, the library was closed.6、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. =The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.7、With us to care for the children you are able to be carefree away from home. =We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree away from home.（注意此处的we 不得改成us，用了us便不是独立主格结构了。）8、With the key having been lost, she could not enter the room. =The key having been lost, she could not enter the room.三、作条件状语1、With time permitting（许可）,we’ll visit the Summer Palace. =Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace.2、With the car going wrong, we’ll have to stop at the foot of the mountain. =The car going wrong, we’ll have to stop at the foot of the mountain.四、作伴随状况状语1、The mother was cleaning the house with her baby playing on the bed. =The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing on the bed.2、He wore a shirt with the neck open. =He wore a shirt, the neck open.3、Last night I followed him, and climbed in, with a sword in my hand. =Last night I followed him and climbed in, sword in hand.4、He s