福州市主栽橄榄品种与若干鲜食橄榄优株ISSR分析.docVIP

福州市主栽橄榄品种与若干鲜食橄榄优株ISSR分析 　　摘要 采用ISSR-PCR分子标记技术对19个橄榄种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析，探索甜榄与福州市主栽橄榄品种遗传背景的差异。从40条ISSR引物中筛选出8条引物用于PCR扩增，共扩增出110条带，其中多态性条带78条，多态性比率为70.91%，平均每个引物扩增的DNA条带的数目为14条。应用SPSS 13.0软件计算各品种间的Jaccard相似系数，结果显示橄榄间的相似性系数介于0.429～0.873，平均遗传相似系数为0.656。用UPGMA聚类法，在遗传距离为0.635的水平上，可将19个品种（优株）分为4组，鸿尾6号和马坑10号为一组，闽清7号和闽清8号则分别独立为一组，其余的归于一组。16个甜榄优株遗传背景差异较大，说明现有的甜榄并非来源于某个品种。该研究可为甜橄榄资源的开发利用及新品种的选育提供科学依据。 　　关键词 橄榄；ISSR；遗传关系；聚类分析；福建福州 　　中图分类号 S667.5；Q341 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2011）21-0129-02 　　ISSR Analysis of Main Cultivated and Fresh-eating Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch in Fuzhou City 　　CHEN Ming-xian ZHANG Qing-ju CHEN Qing-xi * LIN Yu-fang 　　（College of Horticulture，Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University，Fuzhou Fujian 350002） 　　Abstract Aimed to discuss the differences genetic background between main cultivated and fresh-eating Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch ISSR-PCR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 19 Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch cultivars. A total of 8 ISSR primers selected from 40 primers were used to amplify l10 DNA fragments and of which 78（70.91%）were polymorphic.The average number of DNA bands amplified by each primer was 14. Based on SPSS 13.0 analysis，the similarity coefficients between different cultivars ranged from 0.429 to 0.873，and the average genetic similarity coefficients was 0.656. The dendrogram constructed by UPGMA，which genetic distance was 0.635，showed that 19 Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch cultivars were classified into four groups，Hongweiliuhao and Makengshihao made up of the first group，Minqingqihao was the second group，minqingbahao was the third group，and the others constituted the fourth group. The study will provide the reference for utilization and new variety selection of Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch resources. 　　Key words Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch；ISSR；genetic relationship；cluster analysis；Fuzhou Fujian 　　橄榄（Canarium album（Lour.）Raeusch）又名青果、白榄、黄榄、山榄，属橄榄科橄榄属，是一种常绿乔木，原产中国，主要分布在福建和广东[1]。橄榄可供鲜食或加工，目前绝大部分橄榄品种因质地粗硬、口味苦涩，只能