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Site Parameters Relevant For High Resolution Imaging高分辨成像参数下的网站.ppt

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Site Parameters Relevant For High Resolution Imaging高分辨成像参数下的网站

European Southern Observatory SITE PARAMETERS RELEVANT FOR HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGING Marc Sarazin European Southern Observatory List of Themes Optical Propagation through Turbulence Mechanical and Thermal effects Index of Refraction Signature on ground based observations Correction methods Integral monitoring Techniques Seeing Monitoring Scintillation Monitoring Profiling Techniques Instrumented Masts Balloon Borne Sensors Scintillation Ranging Modelling Techniques Conclusions - How to find the ideal site...and keep it good? Optical PropagationThe Signature of Atmospheric Turbulence Optical PropagationThe Signature of Atmospheric Turbulence Optical PropagationThe Signature of Atmospheric Turbulence A Speckle structure appears when the exposure is shorter than the atmosphere coherence time ? 0 High Resolution Imaging High Resolution Imaging Active or Adaptive optics? High Resolution Imaging Correction Methods based on Adaptive Optics use natural or artificial reference stars for wave front sensing High Resolution Imaging High Resolution Imaging Correction Methods based on Adaptive Optics: Anisoplanatism sets a limit to the distance of the reference star Strehl=0.38 at ?=?0 High Resolution Imaging High Resolution Imaging High Resolution Imaging High Resolution Imaging Performances of Adaptive Optics Correction Finite number of actuator (fitting error): s2fit=0.34 (D/ro)5/3 Finite number of sub apertures (spatial aliasing) s2al=0.17 (D/ro)5/3 Finite lag between measure and actions: s2sl~ (fg/f3dB)5/3 fg=1/ to Noise in the measurements: s2m~1/(Nph.ro2.to)5/3 Wave front from object and guide star cross different layers sections (anisoplanatism): s2isop~(q/ q o)5/3 Total error variance: s2tot =s2fit +s2al +s2sl +s2m +s2isop Strehl~exp(- s2tot) The new tools for site surveys The new tools for site surveys European Southern Observatory Zanjan, July 2001 European Southern Observatory *Zanjan, July 2001 Fried parameter: ( meter, ??^6/5) Seeing: (arcse