实验四 MATB符号运算.docxVIP

实验报告 实验名称MATLAB数值运算 指导教师魏永生专 业 光信 班 级14物81姓 名达旭琦 学 号 140220008 实验四 MATLAB符号运算一、实验目的掌握符号变量和符号表达式的创建，掌握MATLAB的symbol工具箱的一些基本应用。二、实验内容(1) 符号变量、表达式、方程及函数的表示。(2) 符号微积分运算。(3) 符号表达式的操作和转换。(4) 符号微分方程求解。三、实验步骤1. 符号运算的引入 f=sym(sin(pi*x)/x)f =sin(pi*x)/x limit(f,x,0)ans =Pi2. 符号常量、符号变量、符号表达式的创建1) 使用sym( )创建 A=sym(1)A =1 B=sym(x)B =x f=sym(2*x^2+3*y-1)f =2*x^2+3*y-1 clear f1=sym(1+2)f1 =1+2 f2=sym(1+2)f2 =3 f3=sym(2*x+3)f3 =2*x+3 f4=sym(2*x+3)f4 =52) 使用syms创建 clear syms x y z x,y,zx =xy =yz =z f1=x^2+2*x+1f1 =x^2+2*x+1 f2=exp(y)+exp(z)^2f2 =exp(y)+exp(z)^2 f3=f1+f2f3 =x^2+2*x+1+exp(y)+exp(z)^2 f1=sym(x^2+y+sin(2))f1 =x^2+y+sin(2) syms x y f2=x^2+y+sin(2)f2 =x^2+y+4095111552621091/4503599627370496 x=sym(2),y=sym(1)x =2y =1 f3=x^2+y+sin(2)f3 =26613109689473571/4503599627370496 y=sym(w)y =w f4=x^2+y+sin(2)f4 =22109510062103075/4503599627370496+w思考题：syms x 是不是相当于xsym(x)?理解：这两个式子是不相同的。syms x 是定义x为符号变量，而xsym(x)?是给x赋值。3. 符号矩阵创建 syms a1 a2 a3 a4 A=[a1 a2;a3 a4]A =[ a1, a2][ a3, a4] A(1),A(3)ans =a1ans =a2或者 B=sym([ b1 b2;b3 b4])B =[ b1, b2][ b3, b4] c1=sym(sin(x))c1 =sin(x) c2=sym(x^2)c2 =x^2 c3=sym(3*y+z)c3 =3*y+z c4=sym(3)c4 =3 C=[c1 c2;c3 c4]C =[ sin(x), x^2][ 3*y+z, 3]练习：分别用sym和syms创建符号表达式4.符号算术运算1) 符号量相乘、相除 a=sym(5);b=sym(7); c1=a*bc1 =35 c2=a/bc2 =5/7 a=sym(5);B=sym([3 4 5]); C1=a*B,C2=a\B ye2t.C1 =[ 15, 20, 25]C2 =[ 3/5, 4/5, 1] syms a b A=[5 a;b 3];B=[2*a b;2*b a]; C1=A*B, C2=A.*BC1 =[ 10*a+2*a*b, 5*b+a^2][ 2*a*b+6*b, b^2+3*a]C2 =[ 10*a, a*b][ 2*b^2, 3*a] C3=A\B,C4=A./BC3 =[ 2*a*(b-3)/(-15+a*b), (a^2-3*b)/(-15+a*b)][ 2*b*(a-5)/(-15+a*b), -(5*a-b^2)/(-15+a*b)]C4 =[ 5/2/a, a/b][ 1/2, 3/a]2) 符号数值任意精度控制和运算 a=sym(2*sqrt(5)+pi)a =2*sqrt(5)+pi b=sym(2*sqrt(5)+pi)b =8572296331135796*2^(-50) digitsDigits = 32 vpa(a)ans =7.6137286085893726312809907207421 digits(15) vpa(a)ans =7.61372860858937 c1=vpa(a,56)c1 =7.6137286085893726312809907207420553550784061185981572696 c2=vpa(b,56)c2 =7.61372860858937272610091895330697298049926757812500000003) 符号类型与数值类型的转换 a1=sy