Social Mobility - University of Greenwich社会流动性-格林威治大学.pptVIP

Stairway to HEven: Our Role in Making Social Mobility a Reality Keith Kinsella: Widening Participation Coordinator Access and Partnership Unit What is Social Mobility? Rich, thick kids do better than poor, clever children before they go to school. Unfortunately, despite the best efforts of our society, the situation is getting worse. Can we come up with a good definition? Jargon Buster Absolute Social Mobility The extent to which people do ‘better’ than their parents. Due to the changing nature of the labour market and availability of credit the baby boom generation did do ‘better’ than their parents…… Relative Social Mobility Your comparative chances of being socially mobile. Middle class students have a much better chance than working class students. Since the 1970s relative social mobility has declined in the UK (The Spirit Level, Wilkinson and Pickett 2009) Graph showing impact of parents income on chances of being socially mobile OECD Data. The higher the bar the more impact our parents income has on our ability to become socially mobile. In Denmark who your parents are has the least impact on our chances of ‘climbing the ladder’. Social mobility in the UK compared to other developed economies… Low social mobility results in more social inequality creating less social mobility…… Top 10% earn almost 12 times as much as bottom 10% (55k: 4.5k)…… In 1985 the top 10% earned 8 times more (gap has grown) Top 1% take home 15% of total UK income (the ‘super rich’) (OECD Data) Results The Professions Social Impacts Lack of opportunity/hope High unemployment ‘Cycle’ of poverty (Jones, 2011) The Spirit Level (Wilkinson and Picket, 2009) illustrates a range of other correlations. Why does the UK have low social mobility? In pairs have a quick brainstorm of sorts of reasons why the UK has low social mobility. Reasons? Income inequality? Poor parenting? Poor teaching? Lack of jobs? Individuals are not motivated to achieve? Many o