医学资料-【专家课件】牙医姿势.ppt

Principles of positioning Correct positioning techniques help to prevent clinician discomfort and injury permit a clear view of the tooth being worked on allow easy access to the teeth during instrumentation Facilitate efficient treatment of the patient Evidence-based knowledge of positioning A work-related musculoskeletal disorder is a injury-affecting the musculoskeletal, peripheral nervous, and neurovascular systems—that is caused or aggravated by prolonged repetitive forceful or awkward movements, poor posture, ill-fitting chairs and equipment, or a fast-paced workload. 1 Clinician position 1 Neutral position for the clinician Research indicates that over 80 percent of dental hygienists complain of pain in their upper body and back. Neutral position is the ideal positioning of the body while performing work activities and is associated with decreased risk of musculoskeletal injury. Neutral seated position forearms parallel to the floor Weight evenly balanced Hip angle of 90° Seat height positioned low enough so that you are able to rest the heels of your feet on the floor Neutral neck position Goal: Head tilt of 0~15° The line from eyes to the treatment area should be as near to vertical as possible Avoid Head tipped too far forward Head tilted to one side Neutral back position Goal: Learning forward slightly from the waist or hips Trunk flexion of o~20° Avoid Overflexion of the spine (curved back) Neutral shoulder position Goal: Shoulder in horizontal line Weight evenly balanced when seated Avoid Shoulders lifted up toward ears Shoulder hunched forward Sitting with weight on one hip Neutral upper arm position Goal: Upper arms hang parallel to the long axis of torso Elbows at waist level held slightly away from body Avoid: Greater than 20°of elbow abduction away from the body Elbows held above waist level Neutral forearm position Goal Parallel to the floor Raised or lowered, if necessary, by pivoting at the elbow joint Avoid Angle between forearm a