朱刚：提高英语专业师长教师的批评性思惟能力：思虑与实际.ppt

提高英语专业学生的“批判性思维”能力思考与实践 ;良好的教师间学术交流气氛， 同行之间相互切磋相互争辩, 跨文化、跨系科、跨资历。;1、我谈的是综合性大学，不一定适用于其它类型的院校； 2、我自己的理解，一定有偏差，仅供参考； 3、更多的问题，尚不成熟 。 希望大家给与批评，不吝赐教。 ;1、对“批判性思维”的界定； 2、外语专业的现状； 3、研究型、思想型课程设置的缘由； 4、实践1：“中西思想经典”课程； 5、实践2：新生研讨课“身体 · 性别 · 身 份：西方性别政治200年”;什么是（what）批判性思维 为什么（why）要传授批判性思维 如何（how）在教学中体现批判性思维 ;批判性思维包括如下的能力： 能通过区分事实和观点，个人情感、判断和推论，归纳论证和演绎论证，主观的东西和客观的东西来实现对素材的回应。 同时，有能力提出问题，建构并识别论证的结构，对论证提供充分的支持；对问题和争议给予定义、分析并设法解决；对素材和数据加以归类，使之条理化，相互关联，并对其展开分析；使信息条理化并发现其间的联系；通过推论来评估信息、素材和数据，得出合理的可靠的结论；将观点和知识应用于新的不同的问题，提出合理的解释；通过吸收新的信息来悬置信仰并对新的信息、方法、文化系统、价值观和信仰保持开放的态度。（MCC General Education Initiatives） ; Definition of Critical Thinking Critical thinking means reasonable, reflective, responsible, and skillful thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe or do. People who think critically can think for themselves: they can ①identify problems, ②raise appropriate questions, ③gather relevant information, ④efficiently and creatively analyze this information, ⑤reason logically and critically from this information, and ⑥come to reliable and trustworthy conclusions ⑦without relying on others to do this for them. ; Purpose and Rationale of Teaching Critical Thinking the subject matter or discipline content of the course (“what to think”), and ways to understand and evaluate this subject matter (“how to think”). ; “The critical thinking movement in the U.S. has been bolstered and sustained by the business community’s need to compete in a global economy. The general skill levels needed in the work force are going up while the skill levels of potential employees are going down. As a result, this particular educational reform movement . . . will remain crucial to the education of the work force and the economy’s performance in the global arena. This economic pressure to teach critical thinking skills will fall on educational institutions because these skills, for the most part, are rarely taught or reinforced outside formal educational instit