Brain stem分课件.ppt

Medial lemniscus  Spinal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus Lateral lemniscus Descending tracts Pyramidal tract Corticospinal tract Corticonuclear tract Rubrospinal tract Tectospinal tract Vestibulospinal tract Reticulospinal tract Reticular formation of brain stem Ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) Motor central and vital centres Reticulospinal tract Cardiovascular center and respiratory center Medulla oblongata Lower part (closed part) Two decussations Decussations of medial lemniscus Decussations of pyramid Upper part (open part) Appearance of inferior olivary nuculeus and inferior cerebellar peduncle Enlargement of central canal to form the fourth ventricle floor The characters of internal structure of brain stem Pons  Tegmentum of pons directed upward continuation of medulla oblongata Basilar part contain both longitudinal and transverse fibers intermixed with pontine nuclei Midbrain Rectum of midbrain includes superior and inferior colliculi Cerebral peduncle Tegmentum contain ascending tracts, central gray matter, recticular formation and so on Substentia nigra Crus cerebri Pyramidal tract: middle three-fifths of the crus Frontopontine tract: medial one-fifth Pariatotempopontine tract: lateral one-fifth Focus The functional classification, components and relations to the cranial nerves of the nuclei of the cranial nerves. The names and their sites of non-cranial nerve nuclei in the brain stem. The position and function of the pyramidal tract, medial lemniscus, lateral lemniscus, trigeminal lemniscus and spinal lemniscus in the brain stem. * * * * The brain stem  Zhen Liu Department of Anatomy Shandong University School of Medicine The brain stem Consists of Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Fourth ventricle Position Situated ventral to cerebellum, and dorsal to pons and cranial half of medulla Central canal →fourth ventricle →mesencephalic aqueduct→third ventricle Roof An