《研究论文写作》PPT课件.pptVIP

研究論文寫作Research Paper Writing 尚惠芳 教授兼系主任 義守大學應用英語學系 Outline Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research Literature Review and Research Problems Survey Research Qualitative Methods Mixed-Methods and Mixed-Model Designs Sampling Data Collection Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Reporting Writing Research Paper Literature Review and Research Problems I. Why Do a Literature Review? A. for planning primary research: 1. find a lack of consistency in reported results 2. find a flaw in research methods 3. conduct on a different population 4. find a solution for a problem 5. uncertainty about the interpretation Literature Review and Research Problems B. As an end in itself: 1. inform practice (e.g. solve a problem) 2. provide understanding about the topic (longer process for integrative research review) Literature Review and Research Problems II. What Is the Search Process? A. Nine steps: 1. Identify a research topic (cause → effect) 2. Review secondary sources to get an overview 3. Develop a search strategy (collect databases, titles, abstract, full texts) 4. Conduct the search (search the sources) Literature Review and Research Problems 5. Get a copy of the article 6. Read and prepare bibliographic information and notes 7. Evaluate the research reports (identify major points) 8. Analyze the research findings and synthesize the results (narrative and statistical methods) 9. Use the literature review (based on major points) Literature Review and Research Problems III. Research Questions and Hypotheses: A. four categories of research questions: 1. descriptive 2. normative 3. correlative 4. impact Literature Review and Research Problems 1. Descriptive questions: Provide information about what is or has been happening related to the research topic (e.g.